Resumo A mucocele oral (MO) é a lesão mais comum das glândulas salivares menores. O presente estudo teve como objetivo relatar as características clínicas e demográficas de uma grande série de MOs e identificar possíveis variáveis preditivas associadas à taxa de recorrência dessas lesões. Foi realizado um estudo transversal descritivo retrospectivo. Foram analisados 43.754 registros de biópsias de quatro serviços de patologia no Brasil. Todos os casos diagnosticados como MOs foram revisados e dados clínicos e demográficos foram coletados. Participaram do estudo 1.002 mulheres (56,2%) e 782 homens (43,8%), com média de idade de 19,8 ± 16,4 anos (variação: 01-87 anos) e proporção de mulheres para homens de 1,3:1. O lábio inferior (n=1.160; 67,4%) e assoalho da boca (n=172; 10,0%), foram os locais mais acometidos, apresentando-se clinicamente como nódulos (n=978; 79,4%) de superfície lisa (n =428; 77,5%) e coloração normal (n=768, 46,7%). A biópsia excisional foi o tratamento na maioria dos casos (n=1.392; 78,0%). As MOs recorrentes representaram 6,2% de todos os casos diagnosticados (n = 117). As recorrências recorreram mais comumente em pacientes mais jovens (idade < 20 anos) (p < 0,0001), em lesões maiores que 2 cm de diâmetro (p < 0,0001) e naquelas localizadas na superfície ventral da língua (p = 0,0351). Além disso, as taxas de recorrência foram significativamente maiores nos casos tratados com cirurgia a laser do que aqueles com cirurgia convencional utilizando bisturi (p = 0,0005). Pacientes com mucoceles devem ser informados sobre uma possível recorrência, principalmente quando encontrados no lábio ou assoalho bucal de pacientes jovens.

Abstract Oral mucocele (OM) is the most common lesion of minor salivary glands. The present study aimed to report the clinical and demographic features of a large series of OMs and identify possible predictive variables associated with the recurrence rate of these lesions. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. A total of 43,754 biopsy records from four pathology services in Brazil were analyzed. All cases of OMs were reviewed, and clinical and demographic data were collected. The study comprised 1,002 females (56.2%) and 782 males (43.8%), with a mean age of 19.8±16.4 years (range: 01-87 years) and a 1.3:1 female-to-male ratio. The lower lip (n=1,160; 67.4%), and floor of the mouth (n=172; 10.0%), were the most common affected sites, presenting clinically as nodules (n=978; 79.4%) of smooth surface (n=428; 77.5%) and normal color (n=768, 46.7%). Excisional biopsy was the treatment in most cases (n=1,392; 78.0%). Recurrent OMs represented 6.2% of all diagnosed cases (n=117). OMs recurred more commonly in younger patients (aged<20 years) (p<0.0001), in lesions larger than 2 cm in diameter (p<0.0001), and in those located in the ventral tongue (p=0.0351). Also, recurrence rates were higher significantly in cases treated with laser surgery than in those with conventional surgery (p=0.0005). Patients with OMs should be carefully informed of its possible recurrence, especially when found on the ventral tongue of young patients.

RESUMO Introdução: O ameloblastoma é uma neoplasia benigna, mas localmente invasiva, geralmente diagnosticada na quarta e quinta décadas, com relação à localização em 80 % dos casos, o tumor está na mandíbula e 20 % na maxila. É classificada histopatologicamente como células foliculares, plexiformes, acantomatosas, granulares e basais. O ameloblastoma desmoplásico foi reclassificado como subtipo histológico. Radiograficamente, pode ser mostrado de maneira unicística ou multicística, onde geralmente é descrito como favos de mel ou bolhas de sabão. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de ameloblastoma com características clínicas e de imagem incomuns, enfatizando a importância diagnóstico correto como estratégia para garantir tratamento adequado e melhor prognóstico da doença. Apresentação do caso: Paciente branca, 72 anos, moradora da cidade de Itabaiana-Sergipe, queixou-se do aumento de volume na região da mandíbula anterior de desenvolvimento lento. Ela foi encaminhada ao do Campus do Hospital Universitário Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento, Aracaju / Sergipe. A tomografia computadorizada mostrou uma área multilocular hipodensa, localizada na região anterior da mandíbula, e uma biópsia incisional realizada juntamente com exames de imagem, o seguinte diagnóstico de ameloblastoma folicular foi concluído com uma extensa área de degeneração cística. Decidiu-se realizar uma cirurgia para remover completamente a lesão em centro cirurgico, formou-se uma extensa aloja ossea, por isso foi decidido aplicar em sua extensão a solução de Carnoy. Conclusões: Este relato é altamente relevante por apresentar um caso que contradiz os fatos existentes e aumenta a importância de se fazer um diagnóstico correto, é importante enfatizar que, embora o comportamento das lesões que afetam a cavidade oral seja bem conhecido, é extremamente importante estuda-las.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Ameloblastoma is a benign but locally invasive neoplasm generally diagnosed in the fourth and fifth decades of life. Its location is the mandible in 80% of the cases and the maxilla in 20%. Histopathologically, it may be classified as follicular, plexiform, acanthomatous, granular cells or basal cells. Desmoplastic ameloblastoma has been further classified as a histological subtype. Radiographically, it presents as either unicystic or multicystic, in which case it resembles a honeycomb or soap bubbles. Objective: Describe a case of ameloblastoma with uncommon clinical and imaging characteristics. Case presentation: A white female 72-year-old patient from the city of Itabaiana, Sergipe, presented with increased volume (of slow development) in her anterior mandibular region. Computed tomography revealed a hypodense, multiloculated area in the anterior mandibular region. Incisional biopsy and imaging tests were performed. The diagnosis was follicular ameloblastoma with a broad area of cystic degeneration. It was decided to perform total excision of the lesion. A circular bone housing was formed, which was treated with Carney’s solution. Conclusions: The present report is of great relevance, since a case is described which contradicts the existing facts and points to the importance of making a correct diagnosis. Although the behavior of oral cavity lesions is well known, it is extremely important to continue to study them.

RESUMEN Introducción: El ameloblastoma es una neoplasia benigna pero localmente invasiva, generalmente diagnosticada en las décadas cuarta y quinta. En el 80 % de los casos el tumor está localizado en la mandíbula y el 20 %, en el maxilar. Se clasifica histopatológicamente en folicular, plexiforme, acantomatoso, células granulares y células basales. El ameloblastoma desmoplásico se ha reclasificado como un subtipo histológico. Radiográficamente se puede mostrar de forma unicista o multiquística, donde generalmente se describe como panales o pompas de jabón. Objetivo: Describir un caso de ameloblastoma con características clínicas y de imagen poco comunes. Presentación del caso: Paciente blanca, de 72 años, que vivía en la ciudad de Itabaiana-Sergipe, se quejó del aumento de volumen (de desarrollo lento) en la región de la mandíbula anterior. La tomografía computarizada mostró un área hipodensa, multilocular, ubicada en la región mandibular anterior. Se realizó una biopsia incisional, además de los exámenes por imágenes. Se diagnosticó ameloblastoma folicular con un área extensa de degeneración quística. Se decidió realizar una cirugía de extirpación completa de la lesión, luego de la extracción de la misma se formó un alojamiento óseo circular, por lo que se decidió aplicar la solución de Carnoy. Conclusiones: Este informe tiene una gran relevancia porque presenta un caso que contradice los hechos existentes y plantea la importancia de hacer un diagnóstico correcto. Aunque el comportamiento de las lesiones que afectan la cavidad oral es bien conocido, es extremadamente importante continuar estudiándolas.

ABSTRACT Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare genetic condition characterized by slow and progressive gingival enlargement. The gingival overgrowth often delays teeth eruption and may cause serious functional and aesthetic problems. We reported a case of a 10-year-old female child presenting a generalized gingival enlargement covering almost all the maxillary and mandibular teeth and resulted in problems for swallowing, speaking, and poor aesthetics. An incisional biopsy was performed and revealed a hypocellular and hypovascular dense collagenous tissue covered by squamous epithelium exhibiting acanthosis and elongated rete ridges. The diagnosis was HGF. The treatment instituted was an association of gingivectomy with a rigorous program of oral hygiene and follow-up. Herein, we describe a rare non-syndromic case of generalized HGF, including clinical and microscopical features, as well as highlighting the importance of correct diagnosis of this genetic condition.

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the cellular response to injury, analyzing histopathologic changes associated with increased cellularity, degeneration and disorganization of collagen fibers. Methods: Thirty wistar rats were divided in two groups after partial Achilles tenotomy: the right hind paw were treated with the essential oil of Alpinia zerumbet (EOAz), diluted to 33% (0.3 mL kg-1), and the left hind paw received sunflower oil for 3, 14, 30 and 90 days. Statistical significance was determined using a Chi-square and Pearson Correlation qualitative variables test. Moreover, Mann-Whitney U-test test for comparison between different groups of the same cell, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey’s test of quantitative measurement. Results: A decrease hyperemia (p < 0.001) was observed in the acute phase of inflammatory cell number (p < 0.001), whereas sub-acute phase was marked by significant correlation with macrophages in fibroblasts (r = 0.17, p = 0.03), with probable induction a dense and modeled tissue. At chronic phase, it was found an increase in the number of fibroblasts and a higher percentage of type I collagen fibers (78%) compared with control collagen fibers (55%). Conclusion: Oil of Alpinia zerumbet stimulated the process of maturation, organization and tissue repair which gave it greater resistance.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Analisar a prevalência de exposição a substâncias psicoativas em estudantes do ensino básico de escolas públicas e sua associação com características sociodemográficas. MÉTODOS Trata-se de um inquérito transversal realizado de março a setembro de 2015, envolvendo 1.009 alunos do ensino fundamental e médio em 20 escolas públicas de Aracaju, São Cristóvão e Nossa Senhora do Socorro. Os dados foram compilados por meio de questionários aplicados anteriormente em estudos nacionais do Centro Brasileiro de Drogas Psicotrópicas. As variáveis foram dicotomizadas para posterior regressão logística com aplicação do teste Qui-quadrado para analisar associações entre a experimentação de substâncias psicoativas e outras variáveis sociodemográficas, e calculada a razão de chances e seus intervalos de confiança. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. RESULTADOS Identificamos que 69,6% dos estudantes têm experimentado álcool e 12,4% cigarro. A idade dos alunos (≥ 15 anos) mostrou associação significativa com a experimentação de álcool (p < 0,001) e cigarros (p = 0,02), atuando como fator de risco em ambos os casos (OR = 2,34 e 1,78, respectivamente), mas atuando como fator de proteção para o uso de inalantes (p = 0,03 e OR = 0,58) e remédios para emagrecer (p = 0,006 e OR = 0,44). A prática religiosa apresentou associação significativa com a experimentação de álcool (p = 0,01), funcionando como um fator de proteção (OR = 0,56). CONCLUSÕES Conclui-se que a substância psicoativa mais experimentada pelos estudantes foi o álcool, seguida do cigarro, e que a chance de experimentação aumenta a partir dos 15 anos. A prática religiosa, por sua vez, atua como fator de proteção à experimentação do álcool.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence of exposure to psychoactive substances in public students of basic education and its association with sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS This is a cross-sectional survey conducted from March to September 2015, involving 1,009 students of the basic and high school education in 20 public schools in the municipality of Aracaju, State of Sergipe, Brazil. The data have been compiled using questionnaires previously applied in national studies of the Brazilian Center for Psychotropic Drugs. The variables have been dichotomized for later logistic regression using the Chi-square test to analyze associations between experimentation with psychoactive substances and other sociodemographic variables; odds ratio and confidence intervals have also been calculated. The level of significance adopted was 5%. RESULTS We have identified that 69.6% of the students have experimented alcohol and 12.4% cigarettes. Age (≥ 15 years) has shown a significant association with experimentation with alcohol (p < 0.001) and cigarettes (p = 0.02), acting as risk factor in both cases (OR = 2.34 and 1, 78, respectively), but it acted as a protective factor for the use of inhalants (p = 0.03 and OR = 0.58) and weight loss medication (p = 0.006 and OR = 0.44). Religious practice had a significant association with experimentation with alcohol (p = 0.01), functioning as a protective factor (OR = 0.56). CONCLUSIONS We have concluded that the psychoactive substance most experienced by students was alcohol, followed by cigarettes, and chance for experimentation increases after the age of 15. Religious practice, in turn, acts as a protective factor for experimentation with alcohol.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Analisar a prevalência de exposição a substâncias psicoativas em estudantes do ensino básico de escolas públicas e sua associação com características sociodemográficas. MÉTODOS Trata-se de um inquérito transversal realizado de março a setembro de 2015, envolvendo 1.009 alunos do ensino fundamental e médio em 20 escolas públicas de Aracaju, São Cristóvão e Nossa Senhora do Socorro. Os dados foram compilados por meio de questionários aplicados anteriormente em estudos nacionais do Centro Brasileiro de Drogas Psicotrópicas. As variáveis foram dicotomizadas para posterior regressão logística com aplicação do teste Qui-quadrado para analisar associações entre a experimentação de substâncias psicoativas e outras variáveis sociodemográficas, e calculada a razão de chances e seus intervalos de confiança. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. RESULTADOS Identificamos que 69,6% dos estudantes têm experimentado álcool e 12,4% cigarro. A idade dos alunos (≥ 15 anos) mostrou associação significativa com a experimentação de álcool (p < 0,001) e cigarros (p = 0,02), atuando como fator de risco em ambos os casos (OR = 2,34 e 1,78, respectivamente), mas atuando como fator de proteção para o uso de inalantes (p = 0,03 e OR = 0,58) e remédios para emagrecer (p = 0,006 e OR = 0,44). A prática religiosa apresentou associação significativa com a experimentação de álcool (p = 0,01), funcionando como um fator de proteção (OR = 0,56). CONCLUSÕES Conclui-se que a substância psicoativa mais experimentada pelos estudantes foi o álcool, seguida do cigarro, e que a chance de experimentação aumenta a partir dos 15 anos. A prática religiosa, por sua vez, atua como fator de proteção à experimentação do álcool.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence of exposure to psychoactive substances in public students of basic education and its association with sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS This is a cross-sectional survey conducted from March to September 2015, involving 1,009 students of the basic and high school education in 20 public schools in the municipality of Aracaju, State of Sergipe, Brazil. The data have been compiled using questionnaires previously applied in national studies of the Brazilian Center for Psychotropic Drugs. The variables have been dichotomized for later logistic regression using the Chi-square test to analyze associations between experimentation with psychoactive substances and other sociodemographic variables; odds ratio and confidence intervals have also been calculated. The level of significance adopted was 5%. RESULTS We have identified that 69.6% of the students have experimented alcohol and 12.4% cigarettes. Age (≥ 15 years) has shown a significant association with experimentation with alcohol (p < 0.001) and cigarettes (p = 0.02), acting as risk factor in both cases (OR = 2.34 and 1, 78, respectively), but it acted as a protective factor for the use of inhalants (p = 0.03 and OR = 0.58) and weight loss medication (p = 0.006 and OR = 0.44). Religious practice had a significant association with experimentation with alcohol (p = 0.01), functioning as a protective factor (OR = 0.56). CONCLUSIONS We have concluded that the psychoactive substance most experienced by students was alcohol, followed by cigarettes, and chance for experimentation increases after the age of 15. Religious practice, in turn, acts as a protective factor for experimentation with alcohol.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a influência da expressão imuno-histoquímica das proteínas Ki-67 e p16INK4a sobre parâmetros clínico-morfológicos em carcinomas espinocelulares periorais quimicamente induzidos com 9,10-dimetil-1,2-benzantraceno (DMBA) em modelo murino. Métodos: as lesões foram induzidas topicamente na comissura labial de dez camundongos Swiss durante 20 semanas, sendo determinado o momento de surgimento dos tumores e volume tumoral médio até 26 semanas. Na análise histopatológica, as variáveis estudadas foram gradação histológica de malignidade tumoral e expressão imuno-histoquímica das proteínas Ki-67 e p16INK4a. A correlação entre as variáveis estudadas foi determinada pela aplicação do teste de correlação de Spearman. Resultados: o tempo médio de surgimento das lesões periorais foi 21,1±2,13 semanas. Volume tumoral médio foi de 555,91±205,52mm3. Dos tumores produzidos, 80% foram classificados como de baixo escore e 20%, alto escore. Evidenciou-se positividade difusa para Ki-67 em 100% das lesões - índice de marcação (PI) de 50,1±18,0. Verificou-se correlação direta forte entre a imunoexpressão do Ki-67 e o volume tumoral (R=0,702) e fraca correlação com o escore de malignidade (R=0,486). A expressão da proteína p16INK4a foi heterogênea, mostrando fraca correlação com o volume tumoral (R=0,334). Não houve correlação entre a expressão imuno-histoquímica das duas proteínas estudadas. Conclusão: Em modelo experimental de carcinogênese perioral DMBA-induzida, a progressão tumoral está associada à fração proliferativa do tumor (células ki-67 positivas) e com a gradação histológica tumoral, porém não com a expressão da p16INK4a.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the influence of Ki-67 and P16INK4a proteins immunohistochemical expressions on the clinical and morphological parameters of perioral squamous cell carcinoma induced with 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) in mice. Methods: we topically induced the lesions in the oral commissure of ten Swiss mice for 20 weeks, determining the time to tumors onset and the average tumor volume up to 26 weeks. In histopathological analysis, the variables studied were histological malignancy grade and the immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 and P16INK4a proteins. The correlation between variables was determined by application of the Spearman correlation test. Results: the mean time to onset of perioral lesions was 21.1 ± 2.13 weeks; mean tumor volume was 555.91 ± 205.52 mm3. Of the induced tumors, 80% were classified as low score and 20% high score. There was diffuse positivity for Ki-67 in 100% of lesions - Proliferation Index (PI) of 50.1 ± 18.0. There was a strong direct correlation between Ki-67 immunoreactivity and tumor volume (R = 0.702) and a low correlation with the malignancy score (R = 0.486). The P16INK4a protein expression was heterogeneous, showing a weak correlation with tumor volume (R = 0.334). There was no correlation between the immunohistochemical expression of the two proteins studied. Conclusion: in an experimental model of DMBA-induced perioral carcinogenesis, tumor progression was associated with the tumor proliferative fraction (Ki-67 positive cells) and with tumor histological grading, but not with P16INK4a expression.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy on bone healing in diabetic rats. METHODS: Bone cavities (19 mm diameter) were performed in the femur of 72 alloxan-induced diabetic rats, which were assigned into four groups: CTR (non-diabetic control), DBT (diabetic) CTRL (non-diabetic irradiated) and DBTL (diabetic irradiated). Low-level laser therapy was performed every 48h for seven days. Animals were euthanized at seven, 18 and 30 days. Alkaline phosphatase serum levels and bone repair were analyzed. RESULTS: Low-level laser therapy significantly increased alkaline phosphatase in at seven and 18 days (p<0.001), and improved bone healing at seven (p<0.01), 18 (p<0.05) and 30 (p<0.01) in diabetic animals. In addition, bone healing in irradiated diabetic group was statistically similar to control group at 30 days (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Low-level laser therapy increased the serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and improved bone healing in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

INTRODUÇÃO: Medicamentos endodônticos apresentam componentes tóxicos que provocam algum grau de reação inflamatória.OBJETIVO: Este estudo avaliou o efeito da laserterapia na resposta inflamatória causada por medicações intracanais, em tecido subcutâneo de ratos, por meio da análise quantitativa de mastócitos.MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Tubos de polietileno contendo as medicações foram implantados no dorso de 60 ratos, distribuídos em seis grupos: HS (pasta de hidróxido de cálcio P.A.); HL (pasta de hidróxido de cálcio P.A. e laserterapia); HPS (pasta de hidróxido de cálcio P.A. com paramonoclorofenol canforado); HPL (pasta de hidróxido de cálcio P.A. com paramonoclorofenol canforado e laserterapia); IS (iodofórmio e soro fisiológico) e IL (iodofórmio, soro fisiológico e laserterapia). Os animais foram eutanasiados oito e quinze dias após a cirurgia, as peças cirúrgicas foram removidas, processadas para inclusão em parafina e os cortes histológicos corados em Azul de Toluidina 0.2%, para quantificação dos mastócitos. A análise de variância (ANOVA) e o teste de Tukey post hoc foram aplicados para determinar diferenças significativas entre os grupos quanto ao número de mastócitos (p<0.05).RESULTADO: Nos grupos HL, HPL e IL houve uma diminuição de mastócitos em ambos os períodos experimentais em relação aos grupos HS, HPS e IS, porém não se observou diferença estatística significativa entre o grupo HPS e o HPL aos oito dias.CONCLUSÃO: A laserterapia foi eficaz em modular a intensidade da resposta inflamatória induzida pelos medicamentos endodônticos a partir da redução significativa na quantidade de mastócitos.

INTRODUCTION: Endodontic medications contain toxic components that cause varying degrees of inflammation.OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effect of laser therapy on the inflammatory response induced by intracanal medications implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of rats using a quantitative analysis of mast cells.MATERIAL AND METHOD: Polyethylene tubes containing the medications were implanted in the dorsum of 60 rats divided into six groups, including HS (P.A. calcium hydroxide paste), HL (P.A. calcium hydroxide paste and laser therapy), HPS (P.A. calcium hydroxide paste with camphorated paramonochlorophenol), HPL (P.A. calcium hydroxide paste with camphorated paramonochlorophenol and laser therapy), IS (iodoform with saline) and IL (iodoform with saline and laser therapy). The animals were euthanized eight or fifteen days after surgery, and samples were removed and embedded in paraffin. Histological sections were stained with 0.2% toluidine blue for the quantification of mast cells. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post-hoc test were applied to determine significant differences in the number of mast cells between groups (p<0.05).RESULT: There was a decrease in mast cells for the HL, HPL and IL groups when compared with the HS, HPS and IS groups at both time points. There was no statistically significant difference between the HPS and HPL groups at the eight-day time point.CONCLUSION: Laser therapy was effective at modulating the inflammatory response induced by endodontic medications by significantly reducing the number of mast cells.

PURPOSE:To assess the evolution profile of the immunohistochemical expression of stromal constituents over the time-course of wound healing in a murine model.METHODS: Surgical wounds were performed in the back of 24 Wistar rats. After three, seven, 14 and 21 days, six rats were euthanized and the wounded histologically processed to assess the immunohistochemical expression of CD3, CD20, CD31, α-SMA and type-I collagen. Non-injured skin samples (NSS) were used as control. Data were subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA and Tukey test.RESULTS: The mean of CD3 and CD20 positive cells in the wounds was significantly higher than in NSS at seven and 14 days (p<0.001). The blood vessels content was significantly lower than in NSS (p<0.05) at three days, but increased at seven and 14 days (p<0.01). The mean of α-SMA positive cells at seven, 14 and 21 days was higher than in NSS (p<0.05). The relative content of type I collagen increased from three to 21 days, but remained lower than in NSS (p<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Lymphoid cells, myofibroblasts and microvessels contents varied over the time-course of wound healing, with peak at seven days and progressive reduction until 21 days. The type I collagen content increased over time.

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of oral administration of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Green Propolis (HEGP) on dermal carcinogenesis in rodent model. For the biological assay, we used 36 mice, assigned into 6 groups (n=6): CTR (treated with 100 mg/kg HEGP and no tumor induction), TUM (treated with water and tumor induction), GP10 (treated with 10 mg/kg HEGP and tumor induction), GP50 (treated with 50 mg/kg HEGP and tumor induction) and GP100 (treated with 100 mg/kg HEGP and tumor induction). Cancer induction was performed in the back of the mice by topical application of DMBA. After 16 weeks, mice were euthanized and their backs were submitted to post-mortem histological analysis. The mean number of lesions developed in TUM (4.14±0.89) was significantly higher than in GP10 (2.05±1.02), GP50 (1.8±1.92) and GP100 (2.5±1.73) (p<0.05). The tumors formed in HEGP-treated groups were histologically more differentiated, but only in PV100 in situ lesions were evidenced. Infiltration of anatomical noble structures was less frequent in HEGP-treated groups (p<0.05). Our data suggest that oral administration of HEGP provided partial inhibition of DMBA-induced dermal carcinogenesis, as well as appeared to modulate the differentiation and infiltrative potential of the carcinomas in rodent model.

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la administración oral de extracto hidroalcohólico del propóleos verde (HEGP) sobre la carcinogénesis dérmica en modelo de roedores. Para el ensayo biológico, se utilizaron 36 ratones asignados en 6 grupos (n = 6): CTR (tratado con 100 mg/kg HEGP y sin inducción de tumores), TUM (tratada con agua e inducción de tumores), GP10 (tratado con 10 mg/kg HEGP e inducción de tumores), GP50 (tratado con 50 mg/kg HEGP e inducción de tumores) y GP100 (tratado con 100 mg/kg HEGP e inducción de tumores). La inducción de cáncer se llevó a cabo en la región dorsal de los ratones por aplicación tópica de DMBA. Después de 16 semanas, los ratones fueron sacrificados y sus dorsos fueron sometidos a análisis histológico post-mortem. El número medio de lesiones desarrolladas en TUM (4,14±0,89) fue significativamente mayor que GP10 (2,05±1,02), GP50 (1,8±1,92) y gp100 (2,5±1,73) (p<0,05). Los tumores formados en grupos tratados con HEGP fueron histológicamente más diferenciados, pero sólo en PV100 las lesiones in situ fueron manifiestas. La infiltración de las estructuras anatómicas blanco fue menos frecuente en los grupos tratados con HEGP (p<0,05). Nuestros datos sugieren que la administración oral de HEGP proporciona una inhibición parcial de la carcinogénesis dérmica inducida por DMBA, así como pareció modular la diferenciación y potencial infiltrante de los carcinomas en el modelo animal.

PURPOSE:To evaluate modulatory effects of a hydroalcoholic extract of Brazilian red propolis (HERP) on dermal carcinogenesis using a murine model.METHODS: The HERP was used at concentrations of 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg (PROP10, PROP50 and PROP100, respectively) to modulate dermal carcinogenesis induced by the application of 9,10-dimetil-1,2-benzatraceno (DMBA) on the backs of animals.RESULTS:The chemical compounds identified in HERP included propyl gallate, catechin, epicatechin and formononetin. PROP100 treatment resulted in significantly decreased tumor multiplicity throughout the five weeks of tumor promotion (p<0.05), and this concentration also resulted in the highest frequency of verrucous tumors (p<0.05). All of the tumors that developed in DMBA-treated animals were regarded as squamous cell carcinomas and were either diagnosed as non-invasive verrucous carcinomas or invasive squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). The average score for malignancy was significantly lower in the PROP100-treated group than the non-treated group (p<0.05), but there was no difference between the other groups (p>0.05).CONCLUSION: The oral administration of hydroalcoholic extract of Brazilian red propolis at a dose of 100 mg/kg had a significant modulatory effect on the formation, differentiation and progression of chemically induced squamous cell carcinoma in a murine experimental model.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of fatty acids-incorporated collagen-based dressing films on wound healing in rodents. METHODS: Therefore, surgical wounds were performed in the back of 80 Wistar rats, and dressed with collgane-based films (COL), and collagen-based films containing fatty acids (AGEF50 and AGEF100). Undressed wounds were regarded as controls (CTR). The animals were euthanized after three, seven, 14 and 21 days, and the macroscopic wound contraction rates (WRC) were assessed. The wounded area was also analyzed by conventional and polarized light microscope. RESULTS: No sign of abscess or hypertrophic scar formation was observed in none of the groups. At seven days, the WRR of AGEF50 was significantly higher than CTR (p<0.01), whereas at 14 days, both AGE 50 and AGE100 showed a significant increase of the WRR compared to CTR (p<0.001) and COL (p<0.01). Both films promoted increased influx of neutrophils at three days (p<0.01), but reduced significantly the mononuclear infiltrate at 14 days (p<0.05). It was also observed earlier maturation of the granulation tissue, full epithelization and cutaneous appendages development, as well as better collagenization, in AGEF50 and AGEF100. CONCLUSION: The application of AGEF50/100 as wound dressing improved wound healing in rodents.

Achatina fulica's secretion has been recently related to antibacterial, antifungal, and cicatricial properties, and it is influenced by the kind of food offered. Therefore, this study investigated the healing potential of dressing films based on mucous secretion of Achatina fulica. Thus, surgical wounds performed in black wistar rats were dressed with films based on collagen, and on mucous secretion of A. fulica fed with Lactuca sativa; undresses worked as wounds control. After 3, 7, 14 and 21 days the animals were euthanized, and the wounds were microscopically evaluated. On the 3rd and 7th days dressing films based on mucus provided acceleration of the formation maturation of granulation tissue, better epithelization rates, and more rapid replacement of type III for type I collagen fibers. On the 14th and 21st days, these dressings induced more intense deposition and better architectural disposition of type I collagen fibers, and hastened the regeneration of cutaneous phaneros. Dressings obtained from A. fulica fed with Lactuca sativa provided the most expressive results. This study suggests that films produced with mucous secretion of A. fulica can be successfully employed as wound dressing, particularly if snails are fed with Lactuca sativa.

A la secreción mucoproteica del Achatina fulica se le han asignado propiedades antibacterianas, antifúngicas y cicatriciales que pueden estar influidas por el tipo de alimento que se ofrece a este especimen. Este estudio investigó el potencial curativo de películas basadas en la secreción mucosa de Achatina fulica alimentaba con diferentes tipos de plantas. Fueron tratadas heridas provocadas en el dorso de ratas Wistar con películas de colágeno y películas realizadas a partir de la secreción mucosa de A. fulica, alimentados con plantas de lechuga (L. sativa), utilizando como parámetro de comparación la curación del grupo de control. Después de 3,7,14 y 21 días los animales fueron sacrificados y las heridas fueron evaluadas microscópicamente. En los días 3 y 7, las heridas tratadas con moco mostraron mejores tasas de formación y maduración del tejido de granulación, epitelización, y más rápido recambio de colágeno tipos III y I. A los días 14 y 21, hubo una intensa deposición del colágeno tipo I y aceleración en la regeneración de la piel. Los resultados obtenidos a partir de A. fulica alimentados con plantas de lechuga (L. sativa) mostraron mejores resultados. Este estudio sugiere que las películas producidas con secreción mucosa de A. fulica pueden ser utilizadas con éxito como apósito, especialmente si los caracoles se alimentan con plantas de lechuga L. sativa.

Estudos têm demonstrado que componentes hidrossolúveis da própolis verde, flavonóides, apresentam atividade antitumoral. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Estudo experimental. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito do extrato hidroalcoólico de própolis verde (EPV) sobre displasias epiteliais linguais quimicamente induzidas em ratos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Neste estudo, foi pincelado DMBA (9,10-dimetil-1,2- benzatraceno) no dorso lingual de ratos 3x/semana, em dias alternados, administrado 100 (PROP1), 200 (PROP2) e 300 mg/kg (PROP3) de EPV (v.o.), durante 20 semanas. A substituição do EPV ou DMBA pelos seus veículos foi usada nos controles positivos (TUM1 e TUM2), negativos (CTR1 e CTR2), respectivamente. O epitélio lingual foi analisado histologicamente, graduado pelo Sistema Binário e classificação OMS, e os dados comparados por análise de variância (ANOVA) (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: O rendimento do EPV foi 41,43% e o teor de flavonóides 0,95±0,44%. Segundo o Sistema Binário, TUM1, TUM2 e PROP1 foram considerados lesões de alto risco, apresentando índices de alterações morfológicas significativamente mais elevados (p<0,05), e os demais de baixo risco. Segundo a classificação OMS, observou-se displasia moderada em TUM e TUM2, leve em PROP1, PROP2 e PROP3, e ausente em CTR1 e CTR2. Conclusão: Sugere-se que o EPV possa desempenhar um papel protetor importante durante a carcinogênese lingual quimicamente induzida em ratos. CONCLUSÃO: Sugere-se que o EPV possa desempenhar um papel protetor importante durante a carcinogênese lingual quimicamente induzida em ratos.

Studies have demonstrated that flavonoid compounds of green propolis have antitumoral activity. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study. AIMS: To evaluate the effect of a hydroalcoholic extract of green propolis (EPV) on chemically induced epithelial dysplasias in rat tongues. METHODS AND MATERIALS: DMBA was brushed on the lingual dorsum of rats 3x/week on alternate days - 100 (PROP1), 200 (PROP2) and 300 mg/kg (PROP3) EPV was administered orally for 20 weeks. EPV or DMBA were replaced by their vehicles and applied as positive (TUM1 and TUM2) and negative controls (CTR1 and CTR2), respectively. The lingual epithelium was histologically analyzed and graded according a binary system and the WHO classification; the data were compared using ANOVA (*p<0.05). RESULTS: The EPV yield was 41% and the flavonoid yield was 0.95±0.44%. According to the Binary System, TUM1, TUM2 and PROP1 were considered high risk lesions, with significantly higher morphological alteration rates compared to the other groups (p<0.05), which were considered low risk lesions. Based on the WHO classification, moderate dysplasia was TUM1 and TUM2, mild dysplasia was PROP1, PROP2 and PROP3, and non-dysplastic epithelium was CTR1 and CTR2. CONCLUSION: EPV seems to play an important protective role against chemically-induced lingual carcinogenesis in rats.